What are the raw materials that make up pencils?

Well, I got a dumb science project, and I really need to know. What are the raw/natural materials that are inside a pencil.What are the raw materials that make up pencils?
I found this information off a website called





http://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/鈥?/a>





I just pick out the important parts





TODAY, GRAPHITE AND clay are crushed into a fine powder in a rotating drum containing large rocks. Water is added and the mixture is blended for up to three days. The water is pressed out of the mixture, leaving a gray sludge that is air-dried until it hardens.





The dried sludge is ground into a powder, water is added again, and the mixture is blended to form a soft paste. Carbon black may be added to increase the dark-ness of the lead. The paste is extruded through a metal tube to form thin rods that are cut into pencil-length pieces--called leads--that are then dried. The leads are heated in an oven to 1,800 %26amp;掳F (about 1,000 掳C) or higher to make them smooth and hard. The ratio of graphite to clay can be adjusted to vary the hardness of the lead: the more clay, the harder the lead; the harder the lead, the less graphite comes off onto the paper, making a lighter line.





Pencils are made by cutting blocks of wood into slats that are machined to form a groove (two to nine per slat) to place the leads. A second slat is glued onto the first, sandwich fashion, then individual pencils are cut from the sandwich and sanded smooth. The pencils are next painted with five to eight coats of paint, and a recess is cut for the ferrule--the metal ring that holds the eraser. The ferrule and eraser are crimped into place, and a metal stamp is used to press a label onto the pencil.





Various types of wood have been used to make pencils over the years. Red cedar from Kenya and the U.S. was an early favorite, but today nearly all pencils worldwide are made from incense cedar, a species that grows in California's Sierra Nevada Mountains. The first pencils were unlabeled and unpainted to show the fine grain of the wood used. But by the 1890s, manufacturers started stamping their names on pencils and painting them.What are the raw materials that make up pencils?
Graphite (that's the writing part)





The rest of it should be pretty straightforward. Look at your pencil. What are you touching when you hold the pencil? What holds the eraser onto the pencil? What is the eraser made of? If there is writing on the pencil, what was used to do the writing? (Actually, I'm not sure I know the answer to that last one; but it would be some sort of ink product.)
Here's an excellent PDF that should answer your question.


http://www.econedlink.org/lessons/EM397/鈥?/a>
pencilmade of wood, eraser from rubber, lead from graphite
um, wood, black stuff, and more wood. And oh yea remains of dead humans from the Civil War. IT IS A CONSPIRACY!